Work in this Grade not limited by months.

Numbers.

All possible combination of numbers from 1 to 10, based upon the use of objects presented to the senses.

The different lines of work, as based upon whole numbers, fractions and units of measure to move parallel.

Each number to be considered, 1st, as a whole; 2d, as to the relations in it; 3d, in its applications.

Practical problems involving all the processes—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and partition.

Reading.

Purpose- To associate with written and printed words the ideas the child has already associated with spoken words.

Means- Charts, pictures, objects, first reader, and, if desired, a primer.

Divisions.

1. The preparatory stage, extending over the first month or two.

2. The primary stage, from the use of the first reader to the about the end of the third year.

Rules.

1. The idea should precede the word, which is its sign.

2. Never allow a child to give a thought until he gets it.

Language.

Keep clearly in mind (1) the particular knowledge of the pupils; (2) the purpose of the lesson; (3) the method; (4) the result to be obtained under the circumstances. To this end exercises if a simple character may be given:

1. To develop ideas of words, as names, qualities, actions, substitutes, expressions of time, place, etc., and expressions of emotion.

2. By questions, to obtain oral expressions of connected ideas in thought then stories and descriptions, both simple and extended.

3. By proper models to correct oral errors.

4. By dictation exercises.

No technical terms or definitions.

Spelling.

Work in this grade not limited by months.

Numbers.

All possible combinations of numbers from one to twenty. Multiplication tables one through six. Practical problems.

Count by 2s, 3's, 4s, 5's to 20 and back to zero, beginning with different numbers.

Find fractional parts of composite concrete numbers below 20.

The work for of this grade is based, for the most part, upon the use of objects presented to the imagination.

Reading.

Purpose.

1. To enlarge the pupils stock of useful words.

2. To preserve the natural oral expression of thought.

3. To strengthen the pupil’s power to master the thought of the lesson.

Means.

Second reader, and civil supplementary reading.

In these lower grades the pupils need much supplementary reading, practice in which shall give him skill and botanical part of reading, which, if he does not acquire now, he is not likely to acquire at all. One lesson in the adopted textbook should be selected for examination each month.

Language.

Continue the work of Grade One, but upon a larger scale. Use pictures and objects freely:

1. to develop current ideas of form, color, size, relations.

2. To give free play to the imagination.

Practice more fully the correction of oral errors, and teach more carefully the distinctions in the form and meaning of such words as lie, lay; may, can; are not, aint; mine, yours; shall, will.

Require selections from the reading lesson to be interpreted, to be committed to memory, or transposed into prose. Simple compositions developed through questions.

Some good language Manual should be in the hands of the teacher in these two grades

Spelling.

All the words of the other lessons.

Memory work. Reproduction in writing an orally of words previously learned.

Use the following and other devices:

1. Require peoples to arrange the words of a lesson in alphabetical order with reference to the first letter.

2. Place list of words upon the board omitting a letter from each.

3. Take a word as at and require a list of the words to be made by prefixing a single letter, as cat. Afterwards by prefixing two letters is that.

4. Have pupils copy words from the reader omitting certain letters, and then read from slate, supplying the letters.

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Numbers.

1. Notation, numeration, addition and subtraction to 100.

2. Multiplication tables through five. Division by 2, 3, 4 and 5 of numbers below 20. Problems

3. Find halves, thirds, fourths and fifths of numbers below 20. Multiplication again through 6.

4. Find fractional parts to sevenths of numbers below 70. Tables through 7. Practical problems.

5. Multiplication and fractional parts 8, 9 and 10. Practical problems.

6. Write and read numbers through thousands. Addition and subtraction, involving the process of tens, i.e., borrowing and carrying.

Oral History.

1. Study of individuals by means of stories told to and repeated by puplls.

Stories of King Phillip, Leif the fortunate, Columbus.

2. DeSoto, Marquette, Cortez, Champlain.

3. Miles Standish, Raleigh, John Smith, Roger Williams, Nathaniel Bacon.

4. William Penn. Peter Stuyvesant, Lord Baltimore.

5. Washington, Franklin, Henry, Jefferson, Hamilton.

6. Calhoun, John Brown, Summer, Lincoln, A. H. Stevens, Grant, Garfield.

Similar work next year.

Reading.

Most of the reading in this year belongs, like grade 2 and the latter part of grade 1, to the primary stage.

Commit to memory selections and parts of selections containing gems of thought.

The examinations should be based upon indicated selections in the adopted text-book each month.

Supplementary reading work continued. Book, Third reader.

Language.

Develop inductively the ideas sentence, statement, question, command. After the idea or thought is developed, give oral or written drills to fix it and its term clearly in the mind. By numerous exercises teach the correct use of names, abbreviations, of words commonly misused, of simple quotation. Teach the writing of dates, initials, addresses, to give brief descriptions of familiar places, objects pets, etc.; to tell the story of a picture.

Make the correct single sentence precede the correct connected sentence. Omit technical terms, parts of speech and parsing. Have numerous written exercises: 1. To lead the pupil to the thought. 2. To require oral expression. 3. To require written expression.

Third and Fourth Years of the Coarse

Spelling.

The ultimate design in learning to spell should be kept in mind. It is to gain the power to write words correctly when expressing ones thought.

In teaching spelling, the principle that all instruction in the forms of language should be observed, on the ground that the sense of a word or passage is a stronger and more interesting bond of association than the appearance or sound,

The only key to attention is interest. The more things we can give the pupil to do, the more we shall interest him.

Require then: 1,spelling proper; 2, accentuation, capitalization; 3, syllabling; 4, punctuation; 5,use; 6, derivation; 7, discrimination of synonyms; 8, discrimination of antonyms; 9, meaning.

Fourth Year of the Course

Numbers.

1. Elementary text book begun. Addition, Subtraction, multiplication.

2. Division.

3. Properties of numbers, factoring, G. C. D. and L.C.M.

4. Common fractions, reduction, addition and subtraction.

5. Multiplication and division of fractions.

6. Compound and complex fractions, reviews.

Oral Geography.

1. Exercises to give primary ideas of time, position and direction.

2. Idea of distance, of map. Study and draw schoolroom, township and country.

3. Study of Indiana

4. Natural divisions of land and water.

5. The United States; also, if time permits, North and South America.

6. The world, zones of temperature, of vegetable products, of food plants, of animal life.

The same work should be repeated next year.

Reading.

The reading of this and following years belongs to the advanced stage. Qualities of oral reading to be cultivated:

1. Correct pronunciation of words.

2. Firmness and distinctness in enunciation of words.

3. Deliberateness in enunciation of the several clauses of sentences.

4. Emphasis.

5. Expression.

To produce these employ: 1, instruction; 2, imitation; 3, practice.

One lesson in each month should be selected for examination.

Supplementary reading continued.

Language.

Apply principles learned in third year, using the previous years work as a basis, beginning with the known, develop gradually the ideas noun, adjective, verb, etc. The forms of nouns, plural and possessive, the uses of pronouns and the value of words that describe may be best taught from sentences and selections from simple literature.

The composition exercises should be longer and more varied; the reproduction may be of a little more complex character; the pictures may be used for longer stories; familiar objects may be better described, and the dictation exercises should be a more thorough test of the attention, the memory and the reason.

Study short selections from prose and poetry, vary the character of letters, bring into use objective and possessive forms, note closely spelling, punctuation, capitals, writing and the use and misuse of words.

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Arithmetic

1. Elementary text-book completed this year; reading and writing decimals; addition and subtraction of decimals.

2. Multiplication and division of decimals; comparison of common and decimal fractions; reviews of both.

3. U.S. money; reduction of avoirdupois weight and dry measure.

4. Liquid measure; long, square and cubic measures.

5. English currency; time measure; addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of compound numbers.

6. Percentage; interest

Problems for review.

Geography
 

Elementary text-book this year.

1. Introductory lessons

2. Map studies of the world; North America

3. South America; Europe

4. Asia; Africa; Oceania

5. The sea; general study of the United States, New England States, Middle, Atlantic and Southern States.

6. Central States, Rocky Mountains and Pacific States; Reviews.

Reading
 

Special attention should be given in this and the following years to silent reading in its two parts: 1, study of the relations of ideas, i.e. thought analysis 2, study of individual ideas. The teacher should, each month, direct his special efforts to the cultivation of one quality of oral reading and one phase or form of mind action, thus securing better concentration of energy than if he tried to cover the whole field each month.

Language

The kinds of sentences and the relations of their parts, (subject and predicate), each kind studied separately.

Parts Of Speech- 1,the noun, its simple classes, the use of capitals arising form these; 2, pronouns and their uses; 3, the forms of adjectives, the misuse of adjectives; 4, verbs, forms, varieties, uses; 5, adverbs, positive, negatives, general use, use of comma to separate words in same construction; 6, prepositions, their use and misuse; 7, conjunctions and their relations to simple, complex, and compound sentences; 8, interjections; 9, special words.

Miscellaneous- The careful study of selections from literature; the application of the elements of grammar making out bills, receipts, notes, advertisements, applications, telegrams, notices, etc.; frequent composition work, pharaphrasing[sic], making abstracts, writing personal observations, constructing original problems, making simple analysis.

Spelling
 

Use of text-book begun.

Words studied should be classed as follows: A grouping of words that present difficult combinations of elementary sounds; a grouping of words that have the same pronunciation, but different spelling and meaning; a grouping of words that have two or more pronunciations and meanings but the same spelling.

Oral History

1. Study of races and nations dealt with in U.S. history; in their homes; the Indian; the Norseman.

2. Notice of each race during the year: 1, homes; 2, furniture; 3, clothing; 4, food; 5, occupation; 6, weapons; 7, education; 8, religious ideas; 9, ideas of government; 10, strongest beliefs and sentiments.

3. The Spaniard; the Frenchman; the English Puritan; the English Cavilier

4. The English Quaker; the Dutchman

5. The colonist of the revolution; (a) the Whig, (b) the Tory

6. The southern planter and portrayal of slavery; the northern farmer; contrast of free and slave labor

Oral Physiology

1. The body in general; the bones

2. The Muscles

3. The Skin

4. Food and drink

5. The blood and the breath